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List of massacres in Egypt

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The following is a list of massacres that have occurred in Egypt (numbers may be approximate):

Name Date Location Deaths Notes
Alexandria riot (66) 66 CE Alexandria, Roman Egypt 50,000 (estimated) An extensive pogrom organized by Roman governor Tiberius Julius Alexander began after the First Jewish–Roman War broke out. Roman troops were responsible for the wholesale slaughter of the city's Jewish population.
Caracalla's massacre in Alexandria 215 CE Alexandria, Roman Egypt Unknown After citizens started mocking emperor Caracalla, he ordered Alexandria's population to be massacred.[1] According to the historian Herodian, Roman soldiers gathered all young men of military age they could find into a nearby plain where they were hacked to death and thrown inside mass graves.[2]
Damanhur massacre[3] 10 May 1799 Cairo 1,500[4] The city rebelled against the French, when the French led by General Lanusse recaptured, most of the city inhabitants and rebels were killed and the place was torched.
Mamluke massacre 1 March 1811 Cairo 470 Heads sent to Istanbul; part of Muhammad Ali's seizure of power
1948 Cairo bombings June–September, 1948 Cairo 70 200 injured. Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt targeted Jewish areas, killing 70 Jews and wounding nearly 200. Riots claimed many more lives.
Cairo fire 26 January 1952 Cairo 26 anti-British riots, 552 injured
Tora Prison massacre 1 June 1957 Cairo 21 21 members of the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt were extrajudicially executed in Tora Prison.[5][6][7]
Ras Sedr massacre 8 June 1967 Sinai Peninsula,
Ras Sedr 		52 An Israeli paratrooper unit extrajudicially executed several Egyptian prisoners of war during the Six-Day War.
1967 El Arish massacre 8 June 1967 Sinai Peninsula:
Arish, the International Airport, and the mountains of the Sinai. 		400 Massacre of Egyptian prisoners of war by the Israeli Defense Forces during the Six Day War. According to the Egyptian Organization for Human Rights, the Israeli Defense Forces massacred "hundreds” of Egyptian prisoners of war and wounded soldiers in the Sinai peninsula, on 8 June 1967. Survivors alleged that approximately 400 wounded Egyptians were buried alive outside the captured El Arish International Airport, and that 150 prisoners in the mountains of the Sinai were run over by Israeli tanks.[8] Conservative Israeli media denies the massacre.[9]
Bahr El-Baqar primary school bombing 8 April 1970 Bahr el-Baqar 46 The Bahr El-Baqar primary school is bombed by the Israeli Air Force, killing 46 children.
1973 War massacres 1973 Suez Canal and Cairo 66 After a contingent of 19 IDF soldiers surrendered, Egyptian troops summarily executed 11 of them as the prisoners of war raised their hands in the air. Further IDF prisoners were executed in Cairo[10][11][12][13][14][15][16]
Ras Burqa massacre 5 October 1985 Ras Burqa 8 An Egyptian soldier opened fire on Israeli vacationers, killing 3 adults and 4 children, as well as another Egyptian soldier.
Luxor massacre 17 November 1997 Luxor 64 killing of mostly tourists, on 17 November 1997, at Deir el-Bahari, an archaeological site and major tourist attraction across the Nile from Luxor, Egypt.
Kosheh massacres 2 January 2000 Kosheh 21 Over 40 injured; Muslim[ambiguous] mob attacked Coptic Christians.
2004 Sinai bombings 7 October 2004 Sinai Peninsula 34 171 injured; a terrorist group killed 18 Egyptians, 12 Israelis, 2 Italians, 1 Russian, and 1 American.
2005 Sharm el-Sheikh attacks 23 July 2005 Sharm el-Sheikh 64–88 ~150 injured; multiple bombs targeting tourist hotels and the bazaar in the resort city on the southern tip of the Sinai Peninsula.
2006 Dahab bombings 24 April 2006 Dahab 23 ~80 injured; three nails bombs exploded targeting the central tourist area of Dahab on the southern tip of the Sinai Peninsula.
Nag Hammadi massacre 7 January 2010 Nag Hammadi 11 11 injured; Muslim gunmen opened fire on Coptic Christians as they were leaving church.
2011 Alexandria bombing 1 January 2011 Alexandria 23 A homemade nail bomb attack on Coptic Christians in Alexandria on Saturday, 1 January 2011. 23 people died and another 97 were injured, which occurred as Christian worshipers were leaving a New Year service.
2011 Imbaba church attacks 7 May 2011 Imbaba 15 A series of attacks that took place in Egypt on 7 May 2011 against Coptic Christian churches in the poor working-class neighborhood of Imbaba in Giza, near Cairo. The attacks were blamed on Salafi Muslims, the attacks began when Muslims attacked the Coptic Orthodox church of Saint Mina. 232 injured.
Maspero demonstrations 9 October 2011 Cairo 24 The Maspero massacre initially started as demonstrations by a group of Egyptian Christians, in reaction to the demolition of a church in Upper Egypt. The peaceful protesters who intended to stage a sit-in in front of the Maspiro television building were attacked by security forces and the army, resulting in 24 deaths and 212 injuries, most of which were sustained by Coptic Christians.
Port Said Stadium riot 1 February 2012 Port Said 74 After a football match, thugs and hooligans of the local team attacked visiting fans of El Ahly from Cairo with clubs, stones, knives and swords. Policemen refused to open the stadium gates, so the crowd could not escape.[17]
August 2013 Rabaa massacre 14 August 2013 al-Nahda Square and Rabaa al-Adawiya Square, Cairo, Egypt 1000+[a] 1000+ killed; police and military opened fire on demonstrators opposing the military's ouster of Mohammad Morsi, the first elected president of Egypt who was removed from power following the 2013 Egyptian coup d'état. In addition to thousands of protester casualties, 8 police officers were killed.[18][19]
Kerdasa massacre 14 August 2013 Kerdasa, Giza Governorate 14 12 policemen and two civilians were killed by an angry mob in return for the August 2013 Rabaa massacre.
2015 Wahat convoy incident[20] 12 September 2015 Western Desert 12 Egyptian security forces kills eight Mexican tourists and four Egyptian guides in the Western Desert after allegedly mistaking them for terrorists.
Metrojet Flight 9268 31 October 2015 Sinai Peninsula 224 A Metrojet A321 aircraft carrying mainly Russian tourists was destroyed by a bomb above the northern Sinai following its departure from Sharm El Sheikh International Airport, Egypt, en route to Pulkovo Airport, Saint Petersburg, Russia. All 224 passengers and crew on board were killed. The cause of the crash was an onboard explosive device concealed within a can of soda in passenger luggage. Islamic State claimed responsibility.
Palm Sunday church bombings 9 April 2017 Tanta & Alexandria 45 On Palm Sunday, 9 April 2017, twin suicide bombings took place at St. George's Church in the northern Egyptian city of Tanta on the Nile delta, and Saint Mark's Coptic Orthodox Cathedral, the principal church in Alexandria, seat of the Coptic papacy. At least 45 people were reported killed and 126 injured. Amaq News Agency said the attacks were carried out by a security detachment of the ISIS.
2017 Sinai mosque attack 24 November 2017 Al-Rawda 311 40 gunmen attacked the al-Rawda mosque during Friday prayers.

Notes

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  1. ^ Human Rights Watch's estimate.

References

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Massacres in Egypt.
  1. ^ "HISTORY OF ALEXANDRIA". www.historyworld.net. Retrieved 2022-03-14.
  2. ^ "Herodian 4.9 - Livius". www.livius.org. Retrieved 2022-03-14.
  3. ^ A Military History of Modern Egypt: From the Ottoman Conquest to the Ramadan War, Andrew James McGregor, page 45
  4. ^ Warfare and Armed Conflict, Micheal Clodfelter, page 114, 2002
  5. ^ Toth, James (11 April 2013). Sayyid Qutb: The Life and Legacy of a Radical Islamic Intellectual. Oup USA. ISBN 978-0-19-979088-3.
  6. ^ Sagiv, David (17 June 2013). Fundamentalism and Intellectuals in Egypt, 1973-1993. Routledge. ISBN 9781135239541.
  7. ^ "(64) مذبحة ليمان طرة - موقع الشيخ يوسف القرضاوي". www.al-qaradawi.net (in Arabic). 8 October 2022. Retrieved 22 December 2023.
  8. ^ Kassim, Anis F., ed. (2000). The Palestine Yearbook of International Law, 1998-1999. Martinus Nijhoff. p. 181.
  9. ^ "UN soldiers doubt 1967 killing of POWs". 29 March 2007.
  10. ^ "TV Documentary: Egyptians Killed Captured IDF Troops in 1973 War". Haaretz. Retrieved 2022-02-12.
  11. ^ "Israeli television accuses Egypt of 1973 war killings of POWs". dailynewsegypt.com. 19 March 2007. Retrieved 2022-02-12.
  12. ^ "Egypt killed dozens of Israeli POWs". The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com. 18 March 2007. Retrieved 2022-02-12.
  13. ^ "Israeli documentary: Egyptians killed Israeli POWs in 1973 war". Ynetnews. Associated Press. 2007-03-19. Retrieved 2022-02-12.
  14. ^ "Docu: Egyptians Shot Israeli POWs in 1973". Haaretz. Retrieved 2022-02-12.
  15. ^ "L'armée égyptienne a tué des prisonniers israéliens en 1973, affirme un documentaire". L'Orient-Le Jour. 2007-03-20. Retrieved 2022-02-12.
  16. ^ https://www.haaretz.co.il/news/politics/2013-09-24/ty-article/.premium/0000017f-f964-d2d5-a9ff-f9ec8f7d0000
  17. ^ "Eyewitnesses: Police stood idle in Egypt football massacre". CNN. 2021-02-02. Retrieved 2021-12-25.
  18. ^ "Egypt: Rab'a Killings Likely Crimes against Humanity". hrw.org. 12 August 2014. Retrieved 23 April 2018.
  19. ^ "All According to Plan - The Rab'a Massacre and Mass Killings of Protesters in Egypt". hrw.org. 12 August 2014. Retrieved 23 April 2018.
  20. ^ "Egyptian Security Forces Kill Tourists After Mistaking Them for Terrorists". CNN International Edition. September 15, 2015. Retrieved September 19, 2015.
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